When did my country's retirement age of 50 and 60 years old start to be implemen
Recently, the state has issued documents clearly stating that the reform of the gradual delay of the statutory retirement age should be advanced in a stable and orderly manner according to the principles of voluntariness and flexibility. The familiar retirement ages of 50 and 60 in our country, when did they start to be implemented until now?
In fact, our country's retirement system can be traced back to before the founding of the nation. On December 27, 1948, the Northeast Administrative Committee promulgated the "Interim Regulations on Labor Insurance for State-owned Enterprises in the Northeast during the Wartime," which was the first time our country established a pension system for enterprise workers.
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In 1951, the "Regulations on Labor Insurance" and its draft implementation details were announced, and it was revised once in 1953. This regulation was implemented nationwide. The term used in the Labor Insurance Regulations for old age was "retirement from work" rather than "retirement."
At that time, when our country established the retirement age system, it mainly drew on the Soviet model and adopted a state pension insurance system. It was mainly through individuals not paying fees, and the pension benefits were guaranteed by enterprises or the state. The initial retirement age set by our country was very early, with male workers and staff at 60 years old, and females at 50 years old. There was a 10-year difference between the retirement ages of men and women, and according to the relevant expressions, it was not based on the age in years, which may involve the evolution of related concepts.
Regarding the difference between workers and staff, workers generally referred to manual laborers, while staff referred to non-manual laborers such as shop salespeople and bank tellers. The Labor Insurance Regulations also stipulated two major categories of special types of workers, with female comrades eligible to retire at 45 and male comrades at 55. The state-regulated special types of work seniority could also be calculated with additional discounts.
When the Labor Insurance Regulations were implemented, it was just after the founding of the nation. Therefore, the unified standard for retirement conditions was mainly based on having worked for the same enterprise for at least 5 years, and the so-called general seniority was an auxiliary condition. The enterprise seniority also included the seniority before being assigned by the organization and the time spent working in the revolution.
The "Labor Insurance Regulations" mainly targeted certain conditions of enterprise employees to enjoy retirement benefits, and the retirement benefits were distributed according to a certain percentage of the individual's salary, which was pioneering.In fact, as early as March 15, 1950, the then Financial and Economic Committee of the Government Administration Council issued the "Notice on the Handling of Retired Personnel." The scope of application at that time was for employees of organizations such as government agencies, railways, customs, and post offices that had retirement benefits in the past. The conditions for payment were at least 10 years of service and being 55 years old. However, the payment standard was a one-time benefit, with one-third of the monthly salary before retirement for each year of service. The maximum did not exceed six months of the monthly salary before retirement.
By 1957, the State Council introduced the "Interim Provisions on the Retirement of Workers and Staff." The interim provisions unified the treatment of workers and staff in enterprises, institutions, and people's organizations, and began to implement a monthly pension payment model. Those without an established labor insurance fund were supported by the finance. Later, as the labor insurance fund ceased to be allocated, the pension benefits for enterprises were shifted to be covered by the enterprises outside the administrative budget. Since all enterprises were state-owned at that time, it was essentially state-provided pensions.
The most important change in the retirement age under the interim provisions was the unified implementation of age measurement in whole years. Moreover, the retirement age for women was divided into two categories: 50 years old for workers and 55 years old for staff. The term "continuous service" was also introduced for the length of service within the same enterprise. Additionally, an early retirement age was set for those who lost the ability to work due to illness, not work-related, at 50 years old for men and 45 years old for women.
By 1978, the State Council issued the "Interim Measures for the Retirement and Resignation of Workers" and the "Interim Measures for the Placement of Old, Weak, Sick, and Disabled Cadres." The retirement ages remained unchanged from the 1957 regulations, but the determination of retirement age was based on the individual's status.
In 1999, the former Ministry of Labor and Social Security issued the "Notice on Stopping and Correcting the Violation of State Regulations on the Early Retirement of Enterprise Employees," which further emphasized the relevant provisions of 1978. This is also the main basis for the current implementation of the retirement age of 50 for women and 60 for men.
Overall, China's retirement age system has indeed been a fragmented development, with no changes for more than 70 years. However, the socio-economic development and the average life expectancy have undergone earth-shaking changes, necessitating a systematic regulation for improvement and standardization. #Top Headline Creation Challenge# #Delay Retirement#
Recently, the state has issued documents clearly stating that the reform of the gradual delay of the statutory retirement age should be advanced in a stable and orderly manner according to the principles of voluntariness and flexibility. The familiar retirement ages of 50 and 60 in our country, when did they start to be implemented until now?
In fact, our country's retirement system can be traced back to before the founding of the nation. On December 27, 1948, the Northeast Administrative Committee promulgated the "Interim Regulations on Labor Insurance for State-owned Enterprises in the Northeast during the Wartime," which was the first time our country established a pension system for enterprise workers.
Advertisement
In 1951, the "Regulations on Labor Insurance" and its draft implementation details were announced, and it was revised once in 1953. This regulation was implemented nationwide. The term used in the Labor Insurance Regulations for old age was "retirement from work" rather than "retirement."
At that time, when our country established the retirement age system, it mainly drew on the Soviet model and adopted a state pension insurance system. It was mainly through individuals not paying fees, and the pension benefits were guaranteed by enterprises or the state. The initial retirement age set by our country was very early, with male workers and staff at 60 years old, and females at 50 years old. There was a 10-year difference between the retirement ages of men and women, and according to the relevant expressions, it was not based on the age in years, which may involve the evolution of related concepts.
Regarding the difference between workers and staff, workers generally referred to manual laborers, while staff referred to non-manual laborers such as shop salespeople and bank tellers. The Labor Insurance Regulations also stipulated two major categories of special types of workers, with female comrades eligible to retire at 45 and male comrades at 55. The state-regulated special types of work seniority could also be calculated with additional discounts.
When the Labor Insurance Regulations were implemented, it was just after the founding of the nation. Therefore, the unified standard for retirement conditions was mainly based on having worked for the same enterprise for at least 5 years, and the so-called general seniority was an auxiliary condition. The enterprise seniority also included the seniority before being assigned by the organization and the time spent working in the revolution.
The "Labor Insurance Regulations" mainly targeted certain conditions of enterprise employees to enjoy retirement benefits, and the retirement benefits were distributed according to a certain percentage of the individual's salary, which was pioneering.In fact, as early as March 15, 1950, the then Financial and Economic Committee of the Government Administration Council issued the "Notice on the Handling of Retired Personnel." The scope of application at that time was for employees of organizations such as government agencies, railways, customs, and post offices that had retirement benefits in the past. The conditions for payment were at least 10 years of service and being 55 years old. However, the payment standard was a one-time benefit, with one-third of the monthly salary before retirement for each year of service. The maximum did not exceed six months of the monthly salary before retirement.
By 1957, the State Council introduced the "Interim Provisions on the Retirement of Workers and Staff." The interim provisions unified the treatment of workers and staff in enterprises, institutions, and people's organizations, and began to implement a monthly pension payment model. Those without an established labor insurance fund were supported by the finance. Later, as the labor insurance fund ceased to be allocated, the pension benefits for enterprises were shifted to be covered by the enterprises outside the administrative budget. Since all enterprises were state-owned at that time, it was essentially state-provided pensions.
The most important change in the retirement age under the interim provisions was the unified implementation of age measurement in whole years. Moreover, the retirement age for women was divided into two categories: 50 years old for workers and 55 years old for staff. The term "continuous service" was also introduced for the length of service within the same enterprise. Additionally, an early retirement age was set for those who lost the ability to work due to illness, not work-related, at 50 years old for men and 45 years old for women.
By 1978, the State Council issued the "Interim Measures for the Retirement and Resignation of Workers" and the "Interim Measures for the Placement of Old, Weak, Sick, and Disabled Cadres." The retirement ages remained unchanged from the 1957 regulations, but the determination of retirement age was based on the individual's status.
In 1999, the former Ministry of Labor and Social Security issued the "Notice on Stopping and Correcting the Violation of State Regulations on the Early Retirement of Enterprise Employees," which further emphasized the relevant provisions of 1978. This is also the main basis for the current implementation of the retirement age of 50 for women and 60 for men.
Overall, China's retirement age system has indeed been a fragmented development, with no changes for more than 70 years. However, the socio-economic development and the average life expectancy have undergone earth-shaking changes, necessitating a systematic regulation for improvement and standardization. #Top Headline Creation Challenge# #Delay Retirement#